Journal: Journal of Ministry and Theology
Volume: JMAT 27:2 (Fall 2023)
Article: Forward Pointing Γέγραπται In The Gospel Of Matthew: A Solution To Matthew’s Inexplicit Citation In Matthew 26
Author: Donald C. McIntyre

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Forward Pointing Γέγραπται In The Gospel Of Matthew: A Solution To Matthew’s Inexplicit Citation In Matthew 26

Donald C. McIntyre1

Abstract: This article examines the proposed interpretations of Matthew 26:24 and its lack of a clear OT referent. After performing a brief exegesis and analysis of previous interpretations, a new solution will be offered whereby Matthew 26:24 finds its referent in the next identical introductory formula (26:30–32), quoting from Zechariah. This solution clearly explains the lack of referent as a rhetorical device that points the reader forward in the narrative to resolve the deliberate tension created by the absence of a clear referent. It is less ad-hoc than previous interpretations and is consistent with Matthew’s previous usage of the γέγραπται formula.

Key Words: Fulfillment Formula, Intertextuality, Matthew, Isaiah

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Introduction

Ιntertextuality continues to plague authors as interpreters seek to understand how the Biblical authors are employing OT texts. This article will seek to interpret one of these problematic passages from the Gospel of Matthew. Matthew 26:24 does not have a clear OT referent, and this presents a problem.2 How could Jesus pronounce a quotation without a clear

JMAT 27:2 (Fall 2023) p. 106

referent? However, when the original reader is kept in mind during interpretation, it seems that Matthew was intentionally creating a posture of suspicion among his readers in these two passages, causing the reader to ask these same questions and thereby creating a deliberate rhetorical effect. The unknown citation of Matthew 26:24 can be found in the Zechariah passage that is cited in the next identical γέγραπται formula, which resolves the suspense created by the allusion in the previous citation. This serves to highlight the Lord’s Supper and the institution of the new covenant which falls between the two passages, forming a sort of inclusio.

Exegesis

The book of Matthew is a gospel, which Köstenbeger and Patterson suggest is best understood “as belonging to the genre of historical narrative.”3 There are Greco-Roman implications contemporary with a first-century AD date that requires the genre...