Journal: Journal of the Grace Evangelical Society
Volume: JOTGES 38:75 (Autumn 2025)
Article: The Carrot Or The Stick? A Neurophysiological And Theological Approach To Sustained Eternal Focus
Author: Ellie Stevens Strathman

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The Carrot Or The Stick? A Neurophysiological And Theological Approach To Sustained Eternal Focus

Ellie Stevens Strathman

Board Certified Psychiatrist

I. Introduction

The doctrine of eternal rewards as distinct from eternal salvation (Eph 2:8–9), is a neglected teaching in many churches. Eternal rewards are eternal incentives and opportunities that God promises those who follow Him and are faithful to Him. Eternal life (regeneration) is given to those who believe—who are convinced—that Jesus gives everlasting life to anyone who believes in Him for it (John 6:47). By conflating eternal rewards and regeneration, many teachers and pastors negate the significance and emphasis placed on eternal rewards throughout Scripture.

For example, Craig Blomberg states:

I do not believe there is a single NT text that, when correctly interpreted, supports the notion that believers will be distinguished one from another for all eternity on the basis of their works as Christians. What is more, I am convinced that when this unfounded doctrine of degrees of reward in heaven is acted upon consistently—though, fortunately, it often is not—it can have highly damaging consequences for the motivation and psychology of living the Christian life.1

This quote exemplifies a common theological perspective on the topic of eternal rewards. Blomberg cites psychology to support his argument, but provides no clinical or medical data to substantiate his claim. This article will refute the claim made by scholars such as Blomberg by showing that there are connections between Biblical teachings and cognitive neuroscience. I will argue that eternal rewards optimize neuropsychological and neurophysiological processes, enhancing one’s

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ability to self-regulate—control one’s emotions and behavior—and to make sound decisions, thus refuting Blomberg’s claim that the teaching of eternal rewards can have damaging consequences for Christians.

First, I will examine Biblical evidence for eternal rewards. Next, I will present neuroscience research on reward-driven attention, contextual cueing, and delayed gratification. Finally, I will apply these findings to Christian living, demonstrating their alignment with Scripture.

Eternal rewards are intended for every believer, though not every believer will pursue or obtain them. They are indeed an extra incentive when the going gets tough. They are that firm hope awaiting us when we feel like giving in or giving...