Journal: Tyndale Bulletin
Volume: TYNBUL 51:2 (NA 2000)
Article: The Intertextual Relationship Of Daniel 12:2 And Isaiah 26:19: Evidence From Qumran And The Greek Versions
Author: Daniel P. Bailey

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TynBul 51:2 (2000) p. 305

The Intertextual Relationship Of Daniel 12:2 And Isaiah 26:19: Evidence From Qumran And The Greek Versions

Daniel P. Bailey

The language of ‘awakening’ from the sleep of death in Daniel 12:2 is apparently borrowed directly from Isaiah 26:19: ‘Awake (הָקִיצוּ) and shout for joy, you dwellers in the dust!’ (MT). But while this echo has been recognised by scholars both ancient (Jerome)1 and modern,2 there remains a question about the underlying text. As M. Hengel has rightly noted, the verbal parallel is closer if we assume that the text of Isaiah 26:19 read by the author of Daniel contained not the hif(il imperative הַקִיצוּ preserved in the MT, but the imperfect יקיצו attested in 1QIsaa.3 The verb forms in Daniel and Isaiah are then identical:

Daniel 12:2

...וְרַבִּים מִיְּשֵׁנֵי אַדְמַת־עָפָר יָקִיצוּ

Many of those who sleep in the dust of the earth will awake...

Isaiah 26:10

1QIsaa: יקיצו וירננו שוכני עפר 4

The dwellers in the dust will awake and shout for joy.

MT: הָקִיצוּ וְרַנְּנוּ שֹׁכְנֵי עָעָר

Awake and shout for joy, you dwellers in the dust!

While it is tempting to ask whether the texts of Daniel and Isaiah could have influenced one other in Qumran, my question here concerns another part of the textual tradition—the currency of the

TynBul 51:2 (2000) p. 306

Qumran text of Isaiah 26:19 among the Vorlagen of the Greek versions. Hengel believes that the Septuagint translator together with his later revisers used a Vorlage that included the imperfect יקיצו, as in 1QIsaa.5 This is suggested by the future tenses of the verbs ἐγερθήσονται in the LXX and

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